Ancient Gandhara Kingdom (Kandahar, Afghanistan)

Ancient Gandhara Kingdom was located in parts of modern-day northern Pakistan and eastern Afghanistan. Gandhāra was located mainly in the Peshawar Valley, Pothohar Plateau and the Kabul River Valley. Its main cities were Purushapura (modern day Peshawar), … Read more

Pre Islamic Goddesses Al-Lat, Al-Uzza, Manat

In the Qur’an, Al-Lat is mentioned along with al-‘Uzzá and Manāt in Sura 53:19–23. The tribe of ʿād of Iram of the Pillars is also mentioned in Sura 89:5–8, and archaeological evidence from Iram shows copious inscriptions … Read more

Ancient Stone Circles in Middle East Desert

Similar to Nazca Lines in Peru, ancient geoglyphs are visible from air across a desert that is spread between Syria and Saudi Arabia. Believed to be at least 2,000 years old, the structures were discovered only after … Read more

Japanese Goddess Benzaiten is Saraswati

Japanese Goddess Benzaiten (弁才天, 弁財天) is a Japanese Buddhist goddess, who originated from the Hindu goddess Saraswati. Worship of Benzaiten arrived in Japan during the 6th through 8th centuries, mainly via the Chinese translations of the Sutra … Read more